Unusual Antique Sunday School Temperance Pledge: Wine, Beer, Cider, Tobacco--and Opium! boy with bicycle and strung on the back

and strung on the back for hanging--super striking

but best is a full color (and site-specific) version of "Mountain

as I believe is the case with this painting

" told here to have been found on the dead body of pioneer and Texas folk hero James Bowie at the Battle of the Alamo

"which surely was the cost of it

Unusual Antique Sunday School Temperance Pledge: Wine, Beer, Cider, Tobacco--and Opium! boy with bicycle and strung on the backThis just struck me as a fun little bit of history a Sunday School temperance pledge, c. 1880s I believe, which not only includes abstention from alcohol (wine, beer and cider) but also from tobacco and, most uncommonly, opium! These were a important component of the temperance movement in the 19th and early 20th century, and were often signed in public settings and organizational contexts, Sunday schools among them, to heighten accountability. I